Below is a list of tried and true technologies that have become my preferred tools in building websites.
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XHTML
Extensible HyperText Markup Language forms the basic structure of the content of a webpage.
XHTML 1.1 on W3.org -
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets define the layout and style of the XHTML markup.
CSS 2.1 on W3.org -
PHP
PHP is the server-side programming language that makes a website dynamic. Without PHP or a similar server-side language, every element of a website would have to be handled manually.
PHP.net -
JavaScript
JavaScript is the client-side programming language that makes a webpage more fluid and interactive. -
MySQL
MySQL (Simple Query Language) is the database that holds all of the content and information of a dynamic website.
MySQL.com -
MODx
MODx is a flexible easy to maintain content management system that works great for most general-purpose websites.
MODxCMS.com -
WordPress
If you need a blog, WordPress makes maintaining a blog simple while still giving you a lot of customization options.
WordPress.org -
Magento
Magento makes it easy to have your own enterprise-level online shopping site that's designed around your products and services.
MagentoCommerce.com